Echteld.net

Research in palliative care and quality of life

Validation of the Utrecht Symptom Diary

Participants
de Nijs E
Echteld MA
Vrehen H
Hesselmann G
Uitdehaag M
de Graeff A.
Teunissen S.

Overview
Introduction: The Utrecht SymptomDiary (USD) is a modified version of the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System. USD includes 13 scales (0-10) for symptoms based on our systematic review of symptom prevalence in advanced cancer patients. Hospital and hospice patients give their symptom scores daily as expression of their degree of symptom burden. USD is the standard monitoring instrument for palliative care patients participating in studies of the XX Center of Knowledge in Palliative Care and needs to be validated.

Method: The USD was tested on reliability and face validity for cancer patients in curative and palliative patients in the in- and outpatient clinic of a medical oncology department (university hospital), a palliative care unit (general hospital) and an academic hospice. Feasibility was tested by questionnaires for doctors, nurses and patients based on criteria of Burnes&Groves. Face validity was assessed through qualitative interviews with experts and users.

Results: Quantative analysis of the validation study (n= 100) showed that 85% of patients didn’t need assistance scoring symptoms in USD. USD symptoms were found representative by 92% of professionals. USD was reviewed supportive in daily practice of symptom management by 83%. By these results USD was decided as a usable instrument for daily practice. But, qualitative analysis (n=25) asked for adjustments. I.e. not all patients understood ‘constipation’ and we changed the label in ‘having stool’. The general question related to all scales ‘what is your degree of burden’ was reflected as complicated. Therefore questions were changed and separated in ‘do you feel’ (ie. fatigued) and ‘do you have’ (ie. pain).

Conclusion: Reliability and face validity of USD is acceptable for cancer patients in hospital and hospice settings. USD is implemented as best practice in multiple care settings in the region and further quantitative and qualitative analysis is conducted to test the USD on content and criterion validity.